However, this model was developed as part of a research done within the environment of a multinational computing company, and as such the model carries an implication of a bias.Ī different way of interpreting culture and one that is more apt for describing intercultural communication is described by Scollon, Scollon, and Jones (2012).
Within this framework issues do arise, and that is represented by the dimensions of culture, which covers power distance (the level of authority), collectivism versus individualism (how individuals and groups relate), femininity versus masculinity (gender implications), and uncertainty avoidance (dealing with conflict or emotions). From this, culture is manifested as a ring of practices – which can be divided into rituals (activities), heroes (people), and symbols (articles) – that surround a core of values, which regards the perception of people. This model stems from the observation that culture is programmed so that people can differentiate one another. Hofstede (1997) described a cultural model which includes certain forms (manifestations) and attributes (dimensions).
One way of approaching the concept is through delineating certain features that culture may have. Recognizing these ways and perceptions is the key to make intercultural communication successful. This issue is at the center of intercultural communication, which is involved when there are multiple ways and perceptions of communication present. This situation presents an issue which concerns how people say what they say in regard to other participants in the communication. Because people have different characteristics and are brought up in different ways, it would be hard to expect that they would communicate in the same way. By Bastiko Pradana, Master Candidate in Applied Linguistic, University of Brawijaya, Malang IndonesiaĪs people progress in life, they invariably come into contact with other people.
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